Back in CS108 or CS101, maybe you did a spirograph kind of thing Frozen Fractals Wrote this for a camp a long time ago Does mostly work Could we make a worm fractal snowflake? Sure worm.ff in the examples is something else Let's look at a koch snowflake Expanding to 3D: A sphere is like a circle, but better! But how should we make one? UV: Stacking rings, slicing segments Kinda like a globe How big is a time zone? Depends... Makes texturing easier Icosphere: icosahedron (picture on Wikipedia) Triangles are the same size all over Usually the one we want in game engines CS392 round cube example Does it actually meet the definition of an icosphere? For our purposes, and icosphere is probably a better choice It might be a hassle to make one, so let's import one We'll call primitive_ico_sphere_add just once After that, we can adjust the vertices how we like We can choose how subdivided each face is Let's add waves or threads or something Could we make a koch ball? Not by modifying the radius! Modifying a square: Starts with a cube Each of 6 faces can be replaced by something else Would we end up with rectangular faces? Maybe... Other shapes: Let's look at a soccer ball Modifying a triangle: Could we make a custom subdivision procedure? This does lead to success